Title : Amoeba proteus Magnification
: 100x
Image : amoebax100.jpg
Keywords : Amoeba, protist, rhizopoda, pseudopodia
Text : Amoeba is a single-celled protist that moves by extending pseudopodia ( literally “false feet” ) from its cell. The cytoplasm flows along one or more pseudopodia, and in this way Amoeba can surround and engulf its food. The nucleus is the large red oval in the center of the cell.
Title
: Difflugia
Magnification : 100x
Image : difflugiax100.jpg
Keywords : Difflugia, protist, Rhizopoda, test
Text : Difflugia , like Amoeba, is a single celled protist. The red in the photograph is a covering of sand grains that forms a test, or protective shell, around the cell. The light blue color in the photo is the cytoplasm of Difflugia emerging from the test.
Click here to see higher magnification.
Title
: Nostoc
Magnification : 100x
Image : nostocx100.jpg
Keywords : Nostoc, bacteria, monera, cyanobacteria,
heterocyst
Text : Nostoc is a photosynthetic cyanobacteria. The cells are joined end-to-end to form a colony that looks like a string of beads. Some cells form specialized heterocysts that fix nitrogen gas as nitrate.
Click here to see higher magnification.
Title
:Ceratium
Magnification : 100x
Image : ceratiumx100.jpg
Keywords : Ceratium, protist, dinoflagellate
Text : The dinoflagellate Ceratium swims using flagella. The slight constriction near the middle of the cell is the annulus, or girdle. The cell wall consists of plates of cellulose that produce different shapes in different species. This particular image shows several Ceratium that have a characteristic “Eiffel tower” shape.
Click here to see higher magnification.
Title
:Trypanosoma
Magnification
: 200x Image :
trypanosoma200.jpg
Keywords : Trypanosoma, protist, kinetoplastida,
sleeping sickness, Chagas
Text : The parasitic Trypanosoma
infects the blood, and causes sleeping sickness in humans and domestic animals
in Africa. A different species of Trypanosoma causes Chagas disease in
South America. The slide shows red blood cells, the large cell with a
pink-stained nucleus near the top is a white blood cell. The actual Trypanosoma
parasites are the small, pink, hair-like
structures between the red blood cells.
Click here to see higher magnification.
Title : Aspergillus Magnification
: 100x
Image : aspergill100.jpg
Keywords : Aspergillus, fungi, conidia
Text : Aspergillus is a fungus that reproduces asexually by producing spores called conidia. The black circle in the center of the slide is a mass of conidia. The blue lines are hyphae, that would normally grow through the soil. The higher magnification view shows a more detailed view of conidia. Aspergillus is used in Asia to make soy sauce. A different species in the same genus grows on peanuts and produces aflatoxins that cause liver cancer.
Click
here to see higher magnification.
Title: Coprinus
Magnification : 50x
Image : coprinus.jpg
Keywords : Coprinus, fungi, basidiomycete,
basidiospore
Text: This slide shows a section through the cap of a mushroom. The blue areas are the gills, the pink dots are the spores. The higher magnification shows the basidiospores: these are produced in groups of 4 by club-shaped basidia.
Click here to see higher magnification. 400X
Title: Penicillium
Magnification: 200x
Image : penicillium.jpg
Keywords: Penicillium, fungi, antibiotic, cheese
Text: The pink lines are hyphae of the Penicillium fungus, the circular dots are spores. Penicillium was the original source of the first antibiotic Penicillin. It is also used in producing blue cheese, like Brie and Camembert.
Title: Peziza
Magnification : 50x
Image : peziza.jpg
Keywords : fungi, peziza, ascomycete
Text: Peziza is an ascomycete, which means that it produces 8 ascospores in a long sac-like ascus. The pink lines on the left of the slide are rows of asci, the blue area on the right is the base of the fruiting body, which is shaped like a small cup. The high magnification view shows the ascospores lined up inside each ascus.
Click here to see higher magnification. 400X
Title: Moss antheridia Magnification : 50x Image : mossanther.jpg
Keywords : plant, moss, Mnium, antheridia,
sperm
Text: The large pink ovals are the antheridia of a moss. This is where the sperm are produced. When it rains, the sperm will swim to the egg. The thin blue columns of cells are paraphyses that stop the reproductive organs from drying out.
Click here to see higher magnification. 100X
Title: Lily anther
Magnification : 50x
Image : lilyanther.jpg
Keywords : plant, lily, Lilium,
anther, pollen
Text: The large blue semi-circle is the outside of the pollen sac. In the center of the image the purple circles are pollen grains (containing the male sex cells ).
Title: Lily ovule Magnification : 50x Image : lilyembryosac.jpg
Keywords : plant, lily, Lilium,
female, egg
Text: This shows the ovary, where female ovules are forming. The vary dark purple oval surrounds a single egg cell. This is shown in more detail under high magnification.
Click here to see higher magnification. 100X
Title: Sphagnum leaf
Magnification : 50x
Image : sphagnum.jpg
Keywords : plant, moss, leaf, sphagnum
Text: Sphagnum is a common moss plant which typically grows in boggy areas. The thin green lines are living cells containing chloroplasts, the larger light green areas are dead cells that are used to store water. Sphagnum bogs are very acid, to eliminate competition from larger plants, and therefore preserve animals that fall into them, or are buried in them.
Click here to see higher magnification. 100X
Title: Psilotum stem Magnification : 50x Image : psilotum.jpg
Keywords : plant, Psilotum, stem, xylem,
phloem
Text: Psilotum has no leaves or roots, instead it just has a photosynthetic stem. This shows the center of the stem: the red cells in the middle are xylem, the small blue cells next to them are phloem, and the outside of the image is the cortex.
Title: Gloeocapsa
Magnification : 400x
Image : gloeocapsa400.jpg
Keywords : bacteria, cyanobacteria
Text: Gloeocapsa is classified as cyanobacteria, so it is photosynthetic and has chlorophyll a. It has one or more cells surrounded by a capsule. In this image the cells are in groups of four. The higher magnification shows some capsules with only one cell.
Click here to see higher magnification. 450x
Title: Merismopedia
Magnification : 100x
Image : merismox100.jpg
Keywords : bacteria, cyanobacteria,
merismopedia, colony
Text: This shows a colony of Merismopedia. The cells divide in two dimensions to produce this characteristic flat sheet of cells. Groups of four cells are common, as seen in the high magnification view.
Click here to see higher magnification. 400x
Title: Spirillum
Magnification : 50x
Image : spirillum.jpg
Keywords : bacteria, spiral, spirillum
Text: Here you can see the spiral, or
corkscrew, shape of the cells of Spirillum. At higher magnification you
can see the flagella at each end of the cell, that lets the bacteria swim
around.
Click here to see higher magnification. 450x
Title: Euglena
Magnification : 100x
Image : euglenax100.jpg
Keywords : protista, euglena
Text: Euglena is a common single-celled protist found in ponds. You can see the nucleus near the middle of each cell. Euglena swims using a flagellum (not visible in this image).
Click here to see higher magnification. 450x
Title: Paramecium
Magnification : 100x
Image : paramecium.jpg
Keywords : protista, cilia, paramecium
Text: Paramecium swims around using hundreds of tiny cilia covering the surface of the cell. Although only one dark nucleus is visible in this image, Paramecium actually has two nuclei: a large macronucleus and a smaller micronucleus.
Click here to see higher magnification. 400x
Title: Volvox
Magnification : 50x
Image : volvox.jpg
Keywords : protista, colony, volvox
Text: The large green circles are colonies of Volvox. The colonies move through the water in a rolling motion, caused by hundreds of tiny cilia. The dark green circles are daughter colonies, that are produced asexually, and will eventually break off and form a new independent colony.
Click here to see higher magnification.100x
Title: Insect spiracle
Magnification : 50x
Image : spiraclec.jpg
Keywords : animals, insect, spiracle,
tracheal tube
Text: The large brown oval at the bottom of the image is a spiracle: an opening in the exoskeleton of an insect that allows air into the body. Visible at the top of the image are the tracheal tubes that carry this air to the internal organs. The other image shows the tracheal tubes branching as they leave the spiracle.
Click here to see another view.
Title: Tunicate larva
Magnification : 50x
Image : tunicate.jpg
Keywords : animals, tunicate, larva,
chordate
Text: Tunicates, or sea squirts, are the simplest chordates. They are invertebrate, yet in the larval stage, shown here, they have all the characteristics of a chordate. The other image shows the tail of the larva.
Click
here to see another view.
Title: Obelia
Magnification : 50x
Image : obelia.jpg
Keywords : animals, Cnidaria, obelia, polyp
Text: Obelia is in the phylum Cnidaria, and is colonial. The middle of the image shows a feeding polyp, with tentacles that have stinging cells to capture prey. The other image shows a large reproductive polyp, which is filled with medusa. The medusa stage can swim like jellyfish, and spread the Obelia to new areas.
Click here to see another view.
Title: Rotifers
Magnification : 50x
Image : rotifer.jpg
Keywords : animals, rotifer, corona
Text: Rotifers are small, often less than 1mm long, but relatively complicated. They are found in freshwater, such as ponds, bird baths, rain gutters etc. The dark area on the top right is the corona, a circle of cilia which sweeps food into the mouth. The central area of the body contains digestive and reproductive organs. The tail-like base is called the foot, and attaches the rotifer to a solid surface
Title: Taenia
Magnification : 50x
Image : taenia.jpg
Keywords : animals, scolex, taenia,
tapeworm
Text: This shows the top, or scolex, of a tapeworm. The hooks on the left of the image allow the tapeworm to hold onto the sides of the intestines. The bulge at the top is one of the four suckers that provide additional adhesion.
Title: Snail radula
Magnification : 50x
Image : radula.jpg
Keywords : animals, snail, mollusca, radula
Text: The radula is covered with small horny teeth made of chitin, called denticles, that
grind the food into pieces. New denticles are constantly being produced to
replace those worn away at the front. Snails may be herbivorous or carnivorous,
predatory or parasitic.
Click here to see higher magnification. 100x
Title: Trichinella
Magnification : 50x
Image : trichinella.jpg
Keywords : animals, roundworm, trichinella,
pork, parasite
Text: This shows muscle that is infected with the parasitic roundworm Trichinella (the worm is coiled up in the middle of the photo). The other image shows a female worm removed from the muscle.
Click here to see another view.
Title: Clonorchis
Magnification : 40x
Image : clonorchisa.jpg
Keywords : flatworm, fluke, Trematoda, platyhelminth
Text: This shows the front of a Chinese liver fluke. The mouth is at the top, with the intestine splitting in two to form a “Y” shape. The dark coils at the bottom are the uterus.
The second image shows the center of the body, with the
uterus and the two branches of the intestines towards the side
Click here to see
middle of the body.
Text: The third image shows the end of the body,
which contains the testes.
Click here to see end
of the body.
Link to: Animals and BSC 2011C
Title: Cyclops
Magnification : 40x
Image : cyclops.jpg
Keywords : copepod, arthropod, crustacean, plankton
Text: Cyclops is a copepod, which is a small
crustacean that is an important part of the plankton in the ocean. This is a
female, the high magnification shows the two egg masses attached to the body
near the tail.
Click here to see higher magnification. (100x)
Link to: Animals and BSC 2011C
Title: Sponge gemmules
Magnification : 40x
Image : gemmule.jpg
Keywords : sponge, asexual, porifera
Text: Sponges reproduce asexually by releasing
clusters of cells called gemmules. They are surrounded by unique spicules. The
two dark circles in this image are gemmules, the needle–like structures around
them are spicules from the main sponge. Notice under high magnification that the
spicules around the gemmules are different from the regular straight spicules.
Click here to see higher
magnification. (100x)
Link to: Animals and BSC 2011C
Title: Schistosoma
Magnification : 20x
Image : schisto20.jpg
Keywords : schistosomiasis, cercaria, fluke
Text: This parasite causes the disease schistosomiasis, which affects about 200 million people in the tropics. The larval stage (cercaria) is found in freshwater and can burrow through the skin. The adult flatworms live in the blood near the intestines. The female (top right, thinner) lives in a groove in the body of the male (top center, wider body).
The other image shows a male fluke, around the mouth you
can see the sucker that he uses to attach to the blood vessel walls.
Click here to see another
image. (40x)
Title: Scypha
Magnification : 100x
Image : scypha.jpg
Keywords : sponge, syconoid, choanocyte, osculum
Text: This is a longitudinal section through the sponge Scypha. The body wall is folded to form pockets, which means that water entering the sides of the sponge travels in an “S” shaped pattern. This is typical of syconoid sponges, and it allows the collar cells (choanocytes) to filter small food particles out of the water. The water leaves the sponge through the large opening, or osculum, at the top.
The other image shows a cross section through Scypha. The center
of the image is the middle of the sponge, and you can see the pockets around the
side. The small pink ovals inside the sponge are eggs.
Click here to see cross
section
Link to: Animals and BSC 2011C
Title: Commercial sponge
Magnification : 40x Image
: comm40.jpg
Keywords : sponge, leuconoid
Text: Commercial sponges are leuconoid. Water enters
canals that lead to chambers surrounded by collar cells, which filter out the
food. They also have spicules made of flexible
spongin (protein), in contrast to the hard calcium carbonate or silica found in
the spicules of other sponges. In Florida sponges are harvested off Tarpon
Springs.
Link to: Animals and BSC 2011C
Title: Aurelia Magnification : 100x Image : planula.jpg
Keywords : jellyfish, Cnidaria, scyphozoa
Text: This shows the larval stage of a jellyfish
This planula larva swims around using cilia (not visible in this image).
Eventually this settles at the bottom of the ocean and later produces the ephyra,
which in turn grows into the adult medusa (jellyfish).
Click here to see ephyra (link to ephyra.jpg
and change magnification to 40X)
Link to: Animals and BSC 2011C
Title: Hydra
Magnification : 40x
Image : hydra.jpg
Keywords : Cnidaria, hydrozoa
Text: Hydra is unusual in having only a polyp
stage (it remains attached to the bottom). Like the other Cnidaria it has
stinging cells to kill its prey – in Hydra these are on the tentacles.
Once captured, the tentacles push the prey
into the center of the body (the gastrovascular cavity) where it is
digested. The basal disc at the bottom of the hydra attaches it to the
substrate.
Link to: Animals and BSC 2011C
Title: Anopheles (mosquito)
Magnification : 40x
Image : anoph.jpg
Keywords : insect, mosquito, mouthparts
Text: This shows the biting mouthparts of a
mosquito. The tube like proboscis penetrates the skin. The hairy structures are
the antenna, and the maxillary palps are to the side. Only female mosquitoes
drink blood (males feed on nectar). This genus of mosquito transmits malaria,
yellow fever and dengue fever.
Link to: Animals and BSC 2011C
Title: Branchiostoma (Amphioxus) Magnification : 20x
Image : branchi20.jpg
Keywords : chordata, cephalochordate, lancelet
Text: This shows the front part of a lancelet. The
mouth is surrounded by small tentacles, and the parallel lines are the gill
slits. The notocord and nerve cord are dorsal (running down the back, not the
belly). These are shown in more detail at higher magnification.
Click here to see higher
magnification (40x)
There is also a view of the cross section, which shows the
muscles at the top (to the sides), the notochord at the top center (outlined in
yellow), the intestine in the middle (purple with white center), and the two
ovaries near the bottom (red).
Click here to see cross
section
Link to: Animals and BSC 2011C
Title: Ascaris
Magnification : 40x
Image : ascaris40.jpg
Keywords : roundworm, nematoda
Text: Ascaris (lungworm) is a parasitic
roundworm that loves to travel. The eggs are typically eaten in unwashed fruit
or vegetables, and the larva then moves through the blood to the lungs where it
molts, climbs up the air passages and then drops back down the throat to the
intestines. This shows a cross section of the pharynx of Ascaris . inside
the cuticle is the epidermis (skin) then a thin layer of longitudinal muscles.
The center is the muscular pharynx, with a triangular opening.
Click here to see higher
magnification (100x)
A cross section near the middle of the body shows the sperm
ducts of the male (pink, filled ovals), and the intestine (pink circle with
white center).
Click here to see cross
section
Link to: Animals and BSC 2011C
Title: Nereis parapodia
Magnification : 20x Image
: nereis20.jpg
Keywords : annelida, polychaete
Text: The clamworm (Nereis) swims using
parapodia that stick out of the side of each segment of the body. Parapodia are
important in movement, and also increase the surface area to absorb oxygen from
the water. The two dark lines are setae.
Link to: Animals and BSC 2011C
Title: Crepidula veliger larva
Magnification : 20x
Image : crepidula.jpg
Keywords : mollusca, limpet
Text: This shows the veliger larval stage of the
mollusc Crepidula fornicata (slipper limpet). The adult limpets grow in
colonies, with females on the bottom and males on the top. As males mature they
change gender, and turn into females.
Link to: Animals and BSC 2011C
Title: Asterias larva
Magnification : 40x Image
: bipinn40.jpg
Keywords : starfish, Echinodermata, bipinnaria
Text: Although adult starfish have radial symmetry,
the bipinnaria larva have bilateral symmetry. The dark line in the larva is the
digestive system, running from the mouth to the anus. This is seen in more
detail in the high magnification view.
Click here to see higher
magnification (100x)
Link to: Animals and BSC 2011C
Title: Insect compound eye
Magnification : 40x Image
: eye40.jpg
Keywords : hexapoda, arthropoda, ommatidia
Text: Unlike your eye, the compound eye of an insect
consists of many separate units, called ommatidia. A single eye often has
hundreds of ommatidia, and each ommatidia sends a signal to the brain. The
ommatidia are arranged vertically on the left of this image, the small clear
ovals near the surface of the eye are the individual lenses (one for each
ommatidium). The compound eye does not produce as clear an image as the human
eye, but it is better at detecting movement.
Click here to see higher
magnification (100x)
Link to: Animals and BSC 2011C
Title: Anabaena Magnification : 100x Image : anabaena.jpg
Keywords : bacteria, cyanobacteria,
anabaena
Text: Anabaena is a photosynthetic cyanobacterium that grows as multicellular filaments. Roughly 10% on the cells are specialized heterocysts that fix nitrogen (the white cell near the center of the high magnification image).
Click here to see higher magnification. (1000x)
Link to: Bacteria and BSC 2011C
Title: Diatoms
Magnification : 100x
Image : diatom.jpg
Keywords : bacillariophyta, pennate, silica
Text: Diatoms are algae that are surrounded by two
hard silica shells. This image shows a mixture of different diatoms, the high
magnification view shows a typical pennate (canoe-shaped) diatom. Diatomaceous
earth is composed of the shells of diatoms. It is used in lubricants, lens
polishers, car wax and as an insecticide.
Click here to see higher
magnification. (400x)
Link to: Protista and BSC 2011C
Title: Marchantia archegonia
Magnification : 40x
Image : marchegon.jpg
Keywords : liverwort, hepaticophyta, archegonia
Text: This is the archegonial disc (archegoniophore)
of the liverwort Marchantia. Unlike the antheridia, which are on the top
surface, the archegonia are on the underside of the disc (the middle of this
image). The high magnification view shows two archegonia hanging down, each with
a single egg inside.
Click here to see higher
magnification. (400x)
Link to: Plants and BSC 2011C
Title: Moss archegonia
Magnification : 100x Image : mossarch.jpg
Keywords : moss, Mnium, bryophyta, archegonia
Text: The pink areas in the middle of the image are
archegonia, that produce the egg cells. The blue lines towards the sides are the
sterile paraphyses. The high magnification shows a single egg cell in the center
of the field of view.
Click here to see higher
magnification. (400x)
Link to: Plants and BSC 2011C
Title: Moss capsule
Magnification : 40x
Image : mosscaps.jpg
Keywords : moss, Mnium
Text: The capsule is part of the sporophyte of the
moss. This cross section shows the pink spores near the center and the greenish
cells on the outside of the capsule. The outer cells are diploid, the spores are
produced by meiosis, so are haploid. The spores are wind dispersed and will grow
into the familiar gametophyte moss plant. The high magnification shows the
spores.
Click here to see higher
magnification.
Link to: Plants and BSC 2011C
Title: Tradescantia leaf epidermis
Magnification : 100x
Image : tradescant.jpg
Keywords : leaf, plant, vascular
Text: This shows the leaf surface of Tradescantia.
The dark green lines are veins (vascular tissue) that bring water and minerals
into the leaf, and transport organic molecules away from the leaf. The whitish
areas are stomata, small holes in the leaf that allow carbon dioxide to diffuse
into the leaf for photosynthesis. Oxygen diffuses out of the leaf during the
day. The high magnification shows the two guard cells around a single stoma.
Most plants open their stomata during the day and close them at night.
Click here to see
another image.
Link to: Plants and BSC 2011C and BSC 2010C
Title: Rhizopus
Magnification : 40x Image : rhizopus.jpg
Keywords : fungi, mold, zygospore, zygomycete, hyphae
Text: Rhizopus is a common bread mold. The
pink lines are the hyphae, the dark pink ovals are individual zygosporangia,
that are produced when two individuals (a positive and negative mating type)
meet. This is shown in more detail under high magnification.
Click here to see higher
magnification. (400x)
Link to: Fungi and BSC 2011C
Title: Bacillus anthracis
Magnification : 400x
Image : bacill400.jpg
Keywords : bacteria, bacillus, anthrax
Text: This rod-shaped bacteria grows in long
colonies with the cells joined end-to-end. The shape of the cells is more
apparent under high magnification. This was the first bacterium that was shown
(by Robert Koch in 1877) to be the cause of a disease : anthrax. Anthrax mainly
affects herbivores but occasionally is transmitted to humans. It causes death
fairly rapidly, and could theoretically be used in biological warfare. The
Defense Dept vaccinated troops against anthrax during the Gulf War. The British
government tested an anthrax bomb in 1941 on Gruinard island in Scotland. The
island was finally declared “safe” almost 50 years later in 1990 after the
soil was soaked to a depth of at least 6 inches with formaldehyde to try to kill
any spores that remained.
Click here to see higher magnification. (1000x)
Link to: Bacteria and BSC 2011C
Title: Zygnema conjugation
Magnification : 40x
Image : zygnema40.jpg
Keywords : algae, chlorophyta
Text: This freshwater green alga has two star-shaped
chloroplasts in each cell of the filament. In this image the algae are
reproducing sexually: two filaments grow towards each other and join, to form a
single round zygospore (greenish circles). The zygospore sinks to the bottom of
the pond and will grow when conditions are favorable.
Click here to see higher
magnification. (l00x)
Link to: Protista and BSC 2011C
Title: Ulothrix
Magnification : 100x Image : ulothrix100.jpg
Keywords : algae, chlorophyta
Text: Like Zygnema this is a green alga. Ulothrix
has chloroplasts forming a ring-like band around the cell wall. The bottom end
of each filament is a holdfast that attaches to the substrate, such as rocks. It
grows in both freshwater and saltwater
Click here to see higher magnification. (400x)
Link to: Protista and BSC 2011C
Title : Fern gametophyta Magnification : 40x Image : ferngam40.jpg
Keywords : plants, fern
Text : This
shows the heart shaped gametophyte of a fern. The brown strands on the right are
rhizoids that anchor the gametophyte. The dark green circles are antheridia,
which produce the sperm. When it rains, the sperm are released and swim to the
egg. The high magnification view shows the antheridia
Click here to see higher magnification (400x)
Link to : Plants and BSC 2011C
Title : Lycopodium strobilus Magnification : 40x Image : lycop40.jpg
Keywords : plants, lycophyta
Text : Lycopodium
is a spore bearing plant, where the spores are concentrated near the top of the
stem in strobili. As you can see, the pink spores are all the same size, so Lycopodium
is homosporous. This means that each spore will produce a bisexual gametophyte,
that produces both sperm and eggs. Lycopodium powder burns rapidly, and
was used in traditional (early 1900s) flash photography. It is now used in
fire-breathing, fireworks and cosmetics.
Click here to see higher magnification (100x)
Link to : Plants and BSC 2011C
Title : Selaginella strobilus Magnification : 40x Image : selagin40.jpg
Keywords : plants, lycophyta
Text : Selaginella produces two different sizes of spore: it is heterosporous. The small orange spores are male, and will grow into a male gametophyte that produces only sperm. The large red spores are female, which will grow into a gametophyte that produces eggs. This ensures that a single gametophyte cannot fertilize itself.
Click here to see higher magnification of male spores
Click here to see higher magnification of female spores
Link to : Plants and BSC 2011C
Title : Pine male cone Magnification : 40x Image : mcone40.jpg
Keywords : plants, gymnosperms, conifer, Pinus
Text : This
shows the pollen grains (male gametes) inside the male cone of a pine tree. Male
cones are small and only last for about 2 weeks, but each tree produces large
amounts of pollen from these cones. In Florida most pine pollen is released
starting around Valentine’s day. Once the pollen lands on a female cone, it
can take 2 to 3 years before the egg is fertilized and the new seed matures. At
higher magnification you can see the two wings around each pollen grain,
that help it in wind dispersal.
Click here to see higher magnification (400x)
Link to : Plants and BSC 2011C
Title : Pine female cone Magnification : 40x Image : ovulate40.jpg
Keywords : plants, gymnosperms, conifer, Pinus
Text : The
familiar “pine cone” is actually the female cone. The cones contains eggs
that are fertilized by the male pollen. The left hand side of this image shows
the developing seed, the right hand side is the large wing that helps the seed
fall slowly to the ground so that it can be dispersed some distance away from
the parent tree.
Link to : Plants and BSC 2011C
Title : Tilia root Magnification : 40x Image : tilia40.jpg
Keywords : plant, dicot, vascular tissue, xylem
Text : The
center of the root (with large white cells) is xylem, which carries water and
minerals upwards. The brownish ring outside this is the vascular cambium, then
the phloem and pericycle have pink areas in them. The outside of the root is the
periderm. Tilia is a deciduous dicot tree, commonly called “Linden”
or “Basswood”.
Link to : Plants and BSC 2011C
Title : Equisetum strobilus
Magnification : 40x
Image : equisetum40.jpg
Keywords : horsetail, sphenophyta
Text : This
image shows the spores inside the strobilus of
Equisetum (horsetail). Horsetails are spore producing plants that
are found in marshy ground. They are homosporous. This means that each spore
will produce a bisexual gametophyte, that produces both sperm and eggs. The
reason some spores appear larger than others is because some spores are
sectioned through the center, while others are sectioned near the edge.
Click on the image above to see higher magnification (100x)
Link to : Plants and BSC 2011C
Title : Pine pollen Magnification : 100x Image : pollen100.jpg
Keywords : Pinus, gymnosperm, conifer
Text : This
image shows pine pollen germinating to produce a pollen tube
that will carry the male gamete to the egg. The two wings that help in wind
dispersal can be seen on the side of the ungerminated pollen grains. Under high
magnification the sperm nucleus can be seen inside the pollen tube.
Click on the image above to see higher magnification (400x)
Link to : Plants and BSC 2011C
Title : Dicot stem Magnification : 40x Image : dicotstem.jpg
Keywords : vascular tissue, anthophyta
Text : This
cross section of a stem shows the epidermis on the
outside, then a thin cortex and then a ring of vascular bundles (xylem and
phloem). The xylem has the large white circular cells. The center of the stem
(bottom left of the image) is the pith.
Link to : Plants and BSC 2011C
Title : Monocot stem Magnification : 40x Image : stem.jpg
Keywords : vascular tissue, anthophyta
Text : Monocots,
such as grasses (including important crops such as wheat, rice and corn) have an
epidermis on the outside ( left of the image), and vascular bundles that are
scattered throughout the stem. The vascular bundles are the darker areas in this
image. The cells covering most of the area of the image are
ground tissue.
Link to : Plants and BSC 2011C
Title : Monocot leaf Magnification : 100x Image : monoleaf.jpg
Keywords : vascular tissue, anthophyta
Text : The
veins (vascular tissue) in the leaf of a monocot are parallel. So a cross
section of the leaf shows a series of dark
circles, each of which is a separate vein. On the bottom surface of the leaf
two guard cells can be seen around each of the stomata. The white areas inside the leaf are air spaces, which allow the cells to
take up carbon dioxide gas for photosynthesis.
Link to : Plants and BSC 2010C
Title : Dicot leaf Magnification : 40x Image : dicotleaf.jpg
Keywords : vascular tissue, anthophyta
Text : This
image shows the large central vein (vascular tissue) in the
middle of a dicot leaf. The white areas inside the leaf are air spaces, which
allow the cells to take up carbon dioxide gas for photosynthesis. The rows of
elongated cells near the top surface of the leaf are the palisade layer, where
most of the photosynthesis takes place.
Click on the image above for high magnification (100x)
Link to : Plants and BSC 2010C
Title : Onion cells Magnification : 100x Image : onion100.jpg
Keywords : plant, cell, cell wall
Text : This shows a layer of onion (Allium) cells. The line dividing each cell is the cell wall, made of cellulose. Under high magnification the nucleus, which contains the DNA, can be seen.
Click here for higher magnification (400x)
Link to : Plants and BSC 2010C
Title : Elodea
Magnification : 40x
Image : elodea.jpg
Keywords : plant, cell, cell wall
Text : The
leaf of Elodea ( a water weed ) is show here. The dark line
dividing each cell is the cell wall, made of cellulose. Under high magnification
the chloroplasts, which are green, fill most of the cell.
Click on the image above for high magnification (400x)
Link to : Plants and BSC 2010C
Title : Peridinium Magnification : 100x Image : peridin100.jpg
Keywords : protista, dinoflagellate, red tide
Text : This dinoflagellate has a thick plates (theca) surrounding the cell. The light blue areas are empty theca, the purple spots are cells inside the theca. Large numbers of these dinoflagellates can cause “red tides” that kill fish and other animals. DNA evidence suggests that Peridinium is related to ciliates. At higher magnification you can see the groove through which the flagella protrude.
Click here to see higher magnification (400x)
Link to : Protista and BSC 2011C
Title : Stigeoclonium Magnification : 400x Image : stigeo400.jpg
Keywords : protista, green algae, chlorophyta
Text : Stigeoclonium is a green algae that grows in long branches. It is found in freshwater streams and rivers and is tolerant of water pollution, particularly pollution by heavy metals. Reproduction is mainly asexual (part of a filament breaks off and grow into another alga).
Click here to see higher magnification (1000x)
Link to : Protista and BSC 2011C
Title : Chlamydomonas Magnification : 400x Image : chlamy400.jpg
Keywords : Chlorophyta, algae
Text : Chlamydomonas
is a green alga that is unicellular, and swims around with long flagellae. This
image was artificially colored to show the cells, the flagellae can be seen as
thin, hair-like structures, particularly under the higher magnification. Most of
the cells on this slide were clumped together like this in what look very much
like colonies, so it possible that the slide is actually showing the cells of a
related alga, Gonium, which is typically colonial.
Click here for higher magnification (1000x)
Link to : Protista and BSC 2011C
Title : Sordaria Magnification : 100x Image : sord100.jpg
Keywords : fungi, ascomycete, perithecium
Text : This fungus produces a fruiting body called a perithecium (the purple area in the image). Inside the perithecium the cells divide by meiosis and then mitosis to produce 8 spores inside a single ascus.
Click here to see higher magnification (400x)
Link to : Fungi and BSC 2011C
Title : Puccinia graminis (Wheat rust) Magnification : 100x Image : uredia100.jpg
Keywords : fungus, uredia, aecium, barberry
Text : One
of the main fungal parasites of wheat is Puccinia graminis. This image shows the urediospores of the fungus bursting out of the top
surface of a wheat leaf. This spreads the infection to other wheat plants.
Click on the image above to see higher magnification ( 400x)
This fungus overwinters in a different host plant, barberry, where it produces a cup-shaped aecium. (Shown below)
Aecium (100x)
Link to : Fungi and BSC 2011C
Title : Saccharomyces (yeast) Magnification : 400x Image : yeast400.jpg
Keywords : Fungi
Text : The single celled yeast is shown here in black and white. Yeast is an ascomycete, but it reproduces almost exclusively by asexual reproduction (budding). Each cell just divides in two. This genus of yeast is used for baking (it makes the carbon dioxide that helps dough to rise) and also beer and wine making (in anaerobic conditions yeast produces alcohol). The genome of yeast was recently sequenced.
Click on the image above for high magnification (1000x)
Link to : Fungi and BSC 2011C
Title : Lumbricus cross section Magnification : 20x Image : lumbric20.jpg
Keywords : earthworm, annelida
Text : This
a cross section through an earthworm. Inside the epidermis are the circular and
longitudinal muscles. The ”U” shape near the center is the intestine , with
the typhlosole (fold) hanging down into the intestine. The circle near the top
center is the dorsal blood vessel. This is shown more clearly under higher
magnification.
Click here to see higher magnification (40x)
Link to : Animals and BSC 2011C
Title : Amblyomma (tick) Magnification : 40x Image : amblyo40.jpg
Keywords : arthropoda, tick, arachnid
Text : This
shows the head of a tick. Ticks suck the blood of mammals and birds, and can
transmit diseases such as ehrlichiosis and Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Like
other arachnids, ticks have a total of 8 legs. The four legs on one side of the
body are shown in the other image. You can see the characteristic joints of the
legs, which is typical of all arthropods.
Link to : Animals and BSC 2011C
Title : Enterobius Magnification : 40x Image : enterobius.jpg
Keywords
: roundworm, nematoda
Text : This lovely roundworm (black and white image) is one of the most common parasites of children in the US, with infection rates estimated as high as 30%. It lives in the rectum, and female worms crawl out of the anus at night to lay their eggs on the buttocks. The eggs are itchy, and when children scratch themselves the eggs get on the hands and can be transmitted to toys, door handles etc and spread to other people. Eggs can also be breathed in, so the infection can spread rapidly in schools.
Link to : Animals and BSC 2011C